A Class of Analysis-by-Synthesis Predictive Coders for High Quality Speech Coding at Rates Between 4.8 and 16 kb/s

Recently, many new coding techniques for the coding of toll quality speech below 16 kb/s have been proposed. Some promising time-domain approaches are the multi-pulse excitation coders [1,2] and the code book excited coders [3,4,5]. These methods can be viewed ad different realizations of a more general approach which we refer to as analysis-by-synthesis adaptive predictive coding.