Abstracts of Technical Articles by Bell System Authors (01 January 1944)

Oscillators of around 100 megacycles and shows both theoretically and experimentally that the highest stability found by many is only the result of fortuitous circuit adjustment that may readily lead to the desired result in this frequency range. It is shown that the factor next in importance in producing frequency stability is a low ratio of inductance to capacitance in the frequency-determining circuit. It is also shown that a high Q contributes little directly to stability. A high Q is necessary with low L / C ratios to get oscillations but an improvement in Q alone may give poorer stability. To get the fullest measure of stability with low L / C and high Q calls for slight adjustments in the circuit and possibly the provision of loose coupling to the frequency-determining circuit. Modem Spectrochemical Analysis.3 EDWIN K. JAYCOX. 

The spectrograph, originally developed by the physicist, has become a most useful tool in the hands of the analytical chemist. Today few large analytical laboratories are without one. The instrument, with its attendant accessories, provides a rapid method for analyzing metals, alloys, minerals, ores, liquids, and gases, particularly for their metallic constituents and in some cases for their anions. Both emission and absorption spectra are important to the analyst. Important applications of the spectrograph to the analytical problems of research and industrial organizations are discussed. The spectrograph did not come into general use as an analytical tool until the early 1920's, although Kirchhof and Bunsen saw the practicability of the method in 1860, when they published their paper entitled, "Chemical Analysis by Means of Spectral Observations." During the intervening years only a few enthusiasts like Lockyer, Roberts, Hartley, Leonard, Pollack, and de Gramont, kept the art alive.