Adsorbate core-electron binding energy shifts in the Born- Haber cycle formalism.

Core-electron binding energies of atoms and monolayers adsorbed on metals are expressed in terms of atomic ionization potentials and chemical or thermodynamic quantities using various Born- Haber cycles. The relationship of these parameters to the microscopic quantities commonly used to interpret binding energy shift is explored. This type of analysis is applied to the transition from the isolated adsorbate atom to full monolayer coverage, and from mono- to multilayer.